New ways to Prostate Cancer Screening It could emerge as an alternative to the PSA test, which has been the first choice for a long time.
Using machine learning, the format of artificial intelligenceSwedish researchers analyzed urine samples from more than 2,000 men with prostate cancer, along with controls.
They determined that a simple non-invasive urine test could detect prostate cancer biomarkers with high accuracy, and that the grade (stage) of the disease could also be determined.
The results were published in the Cancer Research Journal.
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“Prostate cancer can be effectively identified by analyzing the expression of candidate biomarkers in the urine,” Martin Smelik, lead author of the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, spoke about the findings on Fox News Digital.
New tools for prostate cancer screening may emerge as an alternative to PSA testing, which has long been a first-line option. (istock)
“This approach is better than current blood tests based on PSA, but at the same time retains the advantage of being invasive, painless and relatively inexpensive.”
The researchers were surprised at the “tumor heterogeneity” that refers to differences between the same type of tumor in different patients. Cancer cells According to the National Cancer Institute, within the differences between single tumors, or primary (original) and secondary tumors.
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“One of the main challenges of this study was to overcome this and identify biomarkers unique to prostate cancer, but they were expressed in all types of patients,” Smelik said.
Dr. Timothy Schollter, a radiation oncologist at UVA Health in Virginia and Chief Medical Officer at Artera, was not involved in the study, but commented on the findings.
A simple, non-invasive urine test was able to detect biomarkers of prostate cancer with high accuracy, the study found. (istock)
“This study emphasizes the power of Machine Learning It applies to patient data when we identify breakthroughs that could previously help diagnose cancer when our treatment is most effective,” he told Fox News Digital.
“Since screening for prostate cancer has not seen any transformational advances in decades, current approaches still rely on PSA blood tests, which are known to be less specific to clinically important cancers.”
Things you need to know about PSA
Existing PSA tests work by monitoring the levels of prostate-specific antigens in the blood.
It can be used to screen for prostate cancer and monitor disease progression, but it has acknowledged several risks and limitations.
“Prostate cancer screening has not seen any transformational progress in decades.”
MD Matthew C. Abramowitz, co-chairs and clinical lead of the Urogenital Malignant Disease Group at Sylvester Comprehensive General Cancer Center in Miami, Florida, reiterated the need for an alternative to PSA testing.
“PSA is a very sensitive tool for prostate-related problems, but it is not specific to prostate cancer,” Abramowitz, who was not involved in the study, told Fox News Digital.
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“The techniques proposed in the current study suggest that they identify specific cancer markers in the urine and minimise some of the specificity concerns associated with PSA.”
PSAs have the advantages of simplicity, speed and reasonable cost, but further testing, such as MRIs and biopsies, are often required to determine the meaning behind unusual findings.
Existing PSA tests work by monitoring the levels of prostate-specific antigens in the blood, but some risks and limitations have been noted. (istock)
False positives are also common in PSA tests, occurring in about 6% to 7% of cases.
“However 25% of men People who have undergone biopsies due to increased PSA levels are known to have prostate cancer,” the NIH said.
Limitations and future research
This study has some limitations, primarily with a small sample size.
“The urinary prostate cancer prediction model is run on a small dataset and appears to be primarily an analysis of European men.
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He added that the test could result in significant costs due to the specialized equipment needed to perform the analysis.
The researchers reviewed the findings and acknowledged that greater research is needed to include potentially other cancers.
This work could pave the way for more specific screening methods that will improve our ability to detect high-quality cancers before they progress or metastasize, ultimately improving treatment rates and improving our ability to reduce treatment-related morbidity. ” (istock)
“The study focused specifically on prostate cancer, but we believe that some methods could be generalised to other cancers as well.
Researchers say the ultimate goal is to achieve and potentially support more efficient screening programs within the next few years Prevent and treat prostate cancer.
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Showalter said, “This work could pave the way for more specific screening methods that improve the ability of high-grade cancers to detect before progression or metastasis, and could ultimately improve and reduce cure rates. Treatment-related Morbidity rate. ”
